{"id":6784,"date":"2020-04-25T19:24:51","date_gmt":"2020-04-25T19:24:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.tgdf.org.tr\/en\/?p=6784"},"modified":"2020-05-01T06:14:04","modified_gmt":"2020-05-01T06:14:04","slug":"covid-19-sonrasinda-turkiyeyi-ve-dunyayi-neler-bekliyor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.tgdf.org.tr\/en\/covid-19-sonrasinda-turkiyeyi-ve-dunyayi-neler-bekliyor\/","title":{"rendered":"COVID-19 Sonras\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi ve D\u00fcnyay\u0131 Neler Bekliyor?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00c7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc bilim insan\u0131 Prof. Dr. Ahmet Salt\u0131k, koronavir\u00fcs salg\u0131n\u0131 ve sonras\u0131na ili\u015fkin de\u011ferlendirmeler yapmak \u00fczere TGDF Akademi\u2019nin davetlisi olarak d\u00fczenlenen \u00a0videokonferansa kat\u0131ld\u0131. \u0130nsan\u0131n d\u00fcnyay\u0131 hor kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkat \u00e7eken Salt\u0131k, evrende varl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmek istiyorsak \u201cs\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir ya\u015fam\u201d konusunda ad\u0131mlar atmam\u0131z gerekti\u011finin alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izdi.<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Hekim, sa\u011fl\u0131k hukuku ve kamu y\u00f6netimi uzman\u0131, siyaset bilimci olarak tan\u0131nan \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc bilim insan\u0131 Prof. Dr. Ahmet Salt\u0131k, koronavir\u00fcs salg\u0131n\u0131 hakk\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirmelerde bulundu. Salt\u0131k son 30-35 y\u0131lda AIDS, Ebola, SARS, MERS gibi onlarca hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131na veya yeniden g\u00f6r\u00fclmeye ba\u015fland\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ekerek k\u00fcresel sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcnden g\u00fcne \u00e7e\u015fitlendi\u011fini ifade etti.<\/p>\n

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\u201cS\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir Kalk\u0131nma\u201d yerine \u201cS\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir Ya\u015fam\u201d<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

D\u00fcnyay\u0131 hor kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 s\u00f6yleyen Salt\u0131k, biz \u00e7o\u011fald\u0131k\u00e7a yabani ya\u015fam\u0131n k\u00f6\u015feye s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bunun da yeni hastal\u0131k etmenleri ile i\u00e7li d\u0131\u015fl\u0131 bir hale gelmemize neden oldu\u011funu belirtti. Salt\u0131k\u2019a g\u00f6re s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirlik art\u0131k bir beka sorunu haline geldi. Bu nedenle evrende varl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmek istiyorsak \u201cs\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir kalk\u0131nma\u201d yerine \u201cs\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir ya\u015fama\u201d \u00e7abas\u0131nda olmam\u0131z gerekiyor.<\/p>\n

TGDF Akademi\u2019nin konu\u011fu olarak kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 telekonferansta Covid-19 salg\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131na ve g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde geldi\u011fi noktaya de\u011finen Prof. Ahmet Salt\u0131k\u2019\u0131n konu\u015fmas\u0131ndan sat\u0131rba\u015flar\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle:<\/p>\n

\u201cS\u0131n\u0131rlardan karantina \u015fartlar\u0131 sa\u011flanmadan 358 bin ki\u015fi ge\u00e7ti\u201d<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u00c7in, yeni koronavir\u00fcs hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131ktan sonra, BM \u00fcyesi t\u00fcm \u00fclkelerin zorunlu oldu\u011fu \u015fekilde, 31 Aral\u0131k 2019\u2019da salg\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fcnyaya bildirdi. Daha \u00f6nce SARS salg\u0131n\u0131nda gecikti\u011fi i\u00e7in ele\u015ftirilen \u00c7in bu sefer elini \u00e7abuk tuttu. Ancak insandan insana bula\u015fma \u00f6zelli\u011fi SARS\u2019a g\u00f6re daha y\u00fcksek olan ve Covid-19 olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan bu yeni hastal\u0131k d\u00fcnyaya h\u0131zla yay\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Vir\u00fcs\u00fcn d\u00fcnyaya duyurulmas\u0131ndan, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ilk vakay\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131 11 Mart\u2019a kadar ge\u00e7en s\u00fcrede yeterli \u00f6nlem al\u0131namad\u0131. S\u0131n\u0131rlar \u00e7ok ge\u00e7 kapat\u0131ld\u0131. S\u0131n\u0131rlardan karantina \u015fartlar\u0131 sa\u011flanmadan \u00fclkeye giren 358 bin ki\u015fi farkl\u0131 \u015fehirlere da\u011f\u0131ld\u0131. Bunlar\u0131n takibi de yap\u0131lmad\u0131. \u00d6zellikle \u0130ran\u2019dan \u00e7ok fazla giri\u015f oldu ancak vakalar hep Avrupa\u2019dan gelenlere ba\u011fland\u0131. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde, Suudi Arabistan\u2019da vir\u00fcs latent durumdayken oradan gelen \u00e7ok insan oldu, bunlar\u0131n da takibi yap\u0131lmad\u0131.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cNormalin \u00fczerinde \u00f6l\u00fcm say\u0131s\u0131 Covid-19 olarak a\u00e7\u0131klanandan fazla\u201d<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u00dclkedeki vir\u00fcs\u00fcn RNA tipi belirlenirse hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131 da kesin olarak belirlenebilir. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma Bilim Kurulu\u2019nun \u00f6nerisiyle yap\u0131lmad\u0131ysa bir an \u00f6nce yap\u0131lmal\u0131, yap\u0131ld\u0131ysa elde edilen veriler salg\u0131n\u0131n kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131na katk\u0131 sa\u011flamak ad\u0131na payla\u015f\u0131lmal\u0131. Yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalara g\u00f6re i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fumuz d\u00f6nemde son be\u015f y\u0131l\u0131n ortalamalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinde \u00f6l\u00fcm ger\u00e7ekle\u015fiyor. Aradaki fark istatistiksel olarak \u00f6nemli bir fark. Aradaki fark\u0131n ancak bir k\u0131sm\u0131 Covid-19\u2019a ba\u011fl\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcm olarak a\u00e7\u0131klan\u0131yor. Bunlar \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, son d\u00f6nem ya\u015fanan \u00f6l\u00fcmlerdeki fazlal\u0131\u011f\u0131n nedeni ne bilinmiyor. Defin kay\u0131tlar\u0131nda yaz\u0131lan nedenler a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131yor. Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 hallen verilerin payla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 noktas\u0131nda \u015feffaf de\u011fil. Veriler Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n tekelinde olmamal\u0131. Bilim camias\u0131 verilere eri\u015febilirse konuya katk\u0131 sa\u011flayabilir.\u201d<\/p>\n

Prof. Dr. Ahmet Salt\u0131k T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ve d\u00fcnyada salg\u0131n\u0131n durumunu \u015f\u00f6yle \u00f6zetledi:<\/p>\n

\u201cVaka art\u0131\u015f h\u0131z\u0131 y\u00fcksek, \u00f6l\u00fcm oran\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck\u201d<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ilk vaka ilan edildi\u011finde d\u00fcnyada 126 bin olgu vard\u0131. T\u00fcrkiye n\u00fcfusu d\u00fcnya n\u00fcfusuna k\u0131yasland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda %1 gibi bir pay\u0131 var. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde veriler oranland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin 11 Mart\u2019ta 1200 hastas\u0131 olmal\u0131yd\u0131. Di\u011fer yandan, halihaz\u0131rda d\u00fcnyada 3 milyona yak\u0131n vaka var. K\u0131yaslad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 30 bin vaka olmal\u0131yd\u0131, ancak 100 bin vaka ile 7\u2019nci s\u0131raday\u0131z. Olmas\u0131 gerekenin 3 kat\u0131 olgu var. \u00c7in\u2019in 80 g\u00fcnde geldi\u011fi say\u0131ya T\u00fcrkiye 40 g\u00fcnde gelmi\u015f oldu. Bu durum ya salg\u0131n\u0131n iyi y\u00f6netilemedi\u011fini, ya da 11 Mart\u2019tan \u00f6nce bilmedi\u011fimiz \u00e7ok say\u0131da vaka oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n

\u00dclkemizde iyile\u015fme say\u0131lar\u0131 d\u00fcnyaya g\u00f6re iyi, \u00f6l\u00fcm oranlar\u0131 %2,3\u2019te kal\u0131yor ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131. Ancak vaka say\u0131lar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck bir h\u0131zla t\u0131rman\u0131rken \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck kalmas\u0131 \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131. Bakanl\u0131k bunu erken tan\u0131 ve tedaviye ba\u011fl\u0131yor, ancak erken tan\u0131 olsa yo\u011fun bak\u0131m ihtiyac\u0131 olan hastan\u0131n daha az olmas\u0131 gerekir. Erken tan\u0131 hastaneye gelince de\u011fil; hen\u00fcz bulgu ve belirti g\u00f6stermezken, ki\u015fi toplumun i\u00e7indeyken konulan tan\u0131d\u0131r. Toplumda \u00e7ok fazla hasta var. Biz aktif olarak hasta takip etmiyoruz. D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn her zaman \u00f6nerisi \u201cTest, test, test\u201d. DS\u00d6 g\u00fcnl\u00fck 40 milyon test yap\u0131l\u0131rsa y\u00fckseli\u015fin durdurulabilece\u011fini \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcyor. Bunun T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye uyarlamas\u0131 g\u00fcnl\u00fck 440 bin test.\u201d<\/p>\n

Prof. Dr. Ahmet Salt\u0131k\u2019\u0131n salg\u0131nla ilgili de\u011ferlendirmeleri ise \u015fu y\u00f6nde oldu:<\/p>\n

\u201cSa\u011fl\u0131kta birinci basamak g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmeli\u201d<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00d6ncelikle salg\u0131n\u0131n uluslararas\u0131 toplumun bir \u00fcyesi olarak insan onuruna yara\u015f\u0131r \u015fekilde, saydaml\u0131k ve d\u00fcr\u00fcstl\u00fck i\u00e7inde y\u00f6netilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu uluslararas\u0131 topluma kar\u015f\u0131 bir sorumluluktur. Bilimsel ak\u0131lc\u0131l\u0131k d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir se\u00e7enek dikkate al\u0131nmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Bilim Kurulu kararlar\u0131 uygulanmal\u0131d\u0131r. H\u00fckumetin birinci g\u00f6revi ya\u015fam hakk\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Yatakl\u0131 olmayan sa\u011fl\u0131k kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmesi gereklidir. Hi\u00e7bir salg\u0131n hastanede yenilemez, birinci basamakta toplum i\u00e7inde yenilir. T\u00fcrkiye sa\u011fl\u0131kta d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm s\u00fcrecinde birinci basama\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmi\u015ftir. H\u0131fz\u0131ss\u0131hha Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn yeniden canland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gereklidir, kurumla\u015fma gereklidir. Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 yetersizdir. Hem\u015fire k\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ok ciddi durumdad\u0131r. Nitelik ve nicelik a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan sa\u011fl\u0131k personelinin iyile\u015ftirilmesi gereklidir. Koruyucu sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetlerinin \u00f6ne \u00e7ekilmesi gereklidir. Sa\u011fl\u0131k ocaklar\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131, aile hekimli\u011fi sisteminin kapat\u0131lmas\u0131, sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetinin n\u00fcfus temelli de\u011fil b\u00f6lge temelli verilmesi gereklidir.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cKap\u0131 kap\u0131 dola\u015f\u0131larak test yap\u0131lmal\u0131\u201d<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cDS\u00d6\u2019n\u00fcn \u00f6nerdi\u011fi \u015fekilde, kap\u0131 kap\u0131 dola\u015f\u0131larak y\u00fczbinlerce insana test yap\u0131lmal\u0131, ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131lar yakalanmal\u0131, tedavi edilmelidir. Hafta sonu soka\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kma yasaklar\u0131 yeterli de\u011fildir. Bu d\u00f6nemlerin test yapmak suretiyle de\u011ferlendirilmesi gereklidir.<\/p>\n

A\u015f\u0131 ve ila\u00e7 \u00fcretebilecek d\u00fczeyde sa\u011fl\u0131k Ar-Ge\u2019si geli\u015ftirilmeli, BSL 4 (biyog\u00fcvenlik d\u00fczeyi 4) ulusal laboratuvarlar a\u00e7\u0131lmal\u0131, molek\u00fcler biyolojiye \u00f6ncelik verilmelidir. T\u00fcrkiye bir e\u015fg\u00fcd\u00fcm i\u00e7inde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmal\u0131d\u0131r. Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bir Ulusal Salg\u0131n Y\u00f6netim Merkezi kurulmal\u0131d\u0131r. Afet planlar\u0131 belirlenmelidir. Bu salg\u0131nda g\u00f6rd\u00fck ki Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n afet plan\u0131 yoktur. Testlere karar verilememi\u015f, sahra hastaneleri a\u00e7\u0131lamam\u0131\u015f, personel eksikli\u011fi giderilememi\u015ftir.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cN\u00fcfus planlamas\u0131 ve tasarruflu ya\u015fama ge\u00e7mek gerekiyor\u201d<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cSalg\u0131n\u0131n akut, orta ve uzun vadede \u00e7ok sekt\u00f6rl\u00fc etkileri olacakt\u0131r. En fazla etkilenecek sekt\u00f6rlerden biri g\u0131dad\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye kendine yeterli\u011fini yitirmi\u015ftir. K\u0131sa ve uzun vadede mikro ve makro planlar\u0131n ortaya koyulmas\u0131 \u015fartt\u0131r. Konunun mali ekonomi boyutu ele al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r. Devletin \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde \u0131l\u0131ml\u0131 devlet\u00e7ilikle karma ekonomiye ge\u00e7ilmelidir.<\/p>\n

Prof. Dr. Ahmet Salt\u0131k, ba\u015fka salg\u0131n ve do\u011fal afetlerin de ya\u015fanabilece\u011fini g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurarak toplum ve \u00fclke olarak yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekenleri ise \u015f\u00f6yle s\u0131ralad\u0131: \u201cMutlaka n\u00fcfus planlamas\u0131 yap\u0131lmal\u0131, her aile bir \u00e7ocuk yapmal\u0131d\u0131r. Toplum tasarruflu ya\u015fama ge\u00e7melidir. Yoksulluk ve i\u015fsizlik g\u00fcndemin en tepesine koyulmal\u0131, gelir da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n iyile\u015ftirilmesi gereklidir. \u2018S\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir kalk\u0131nma\u2019 yerine \u2018s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir ya\u015fam\u2019 anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 koyulmal\u0131d\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n